翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Buffer (GIS) ・ Buffer (navy) ・ Buffer (optical fiber) ・ Buffer (rail transport) ・ Buffer amplifier ・ Buffer credits ・ Buffer Festival ・ Buffer gas ・ Buffer initiative ・ Buffer Island ・ Buffer over-read ・ Buffer overflow ・ Buffer overflow protection ・ Buffer P2 ・ Buffer shot ・ Buffer solution ・ Buffer state ・ Buffer stock scheme ・ Buffer stop ・ Buffer strip ・ Buffer theory ・ Buffer underrun ・ Buffer zone ・ Buffer Zone II ・ Buffer Zone, Karachi ・ Bufferbloat ・ BufferBox ・ Buffered charcoal yeast extract agar ・ Buffered oxide etch ・ BufferGel Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Buffer solution ： ウィキペディア英語版 Buffer solution :''For an individual weak acid or weak base component, see Buffering agent. For uses not related to acid-base chemistry, see Buffer (disambiguation).'' A buffer solution (more precisely, pH buffer or hydrogen ion buffer) is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or vice versa. Its pH changes very little when a small or moderate amount of strong acid or base is added to it and thus it is used to prevent changes in the pH of a solution. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical applications. Many life forms thrive only in a relatively small pH range so they utilize a buffer solution to maintain a constant pH. In nature, the bicarbonate buffering system is used to regulate the pH of blood. ==Principles of buffering== Buffer solutions achieve their resistance to pH change because of the presence of an equilibrium between the acid HA and its conjugate base A−. :HA H+ + A− When some strong acid is added to an equilibrium mixture of the weak acid and its conjugate base, the equilibrium is shifted to the left, in accordance with Le Chatelier's principle. Because of this, the hydrogen ion concentration increases by less than the amount expected for the quantity of strong acid added. Similarly, if strong alkali is added to the mixture the hydrogen ion concentration decreases by less than the amount expected for the quantity of alkali added. The effect is illustrated by the simulated titration of a weak acid with pKa = 4.7. The relative concentration of undissociated acid is shown in blue and of its conjugate base in red. The pH changes relatively slowly in the buffer region, pH = pKa ± 1, centered at pH = 4.7 where () = (). The hydrogen ion concentration decreases by less than the amount expected because most of the added hydroxide ion is consumed in the reaction :OH− + HA → H2O + A− and only a little is consumed in the neutralization reaction which results in an increase in pH. :OH− + H+ → H2O Once the acid is more than 95% deprotonated the pH rises rapidly because most of the added alkali is consumed in the neutralization reaction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Buffer solution」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.